焊接線能量對5182-O/HC260YD+Z異種材料CMT搭接接頭組織與性能的影響

焊接線能量對5182-O/HC260YD+Z異種材料CMT搭接接頭組織與性能的影響The Influence of Welding Line Energy on the Microstructure and Property of CMT Overlap Joint of 5182-O and HC260YD+Z

以AlSi5焊絲作為填充材料，采用CMT對5182-O/HC260YD+Z異種材料進行搭接熔釬焊，借助OM、XRD、SEM、EDS分析了不同工藝參數(shù)下搭接接頭的宏觀形貌及微觀組織特征，并對接頭顯微硬度及剪切強度進行了測試。結(jié)果表明：焊接線能量通過影響釬焊界面IMCs層厚度進而影響接頭性能及斷裂類型；當(dāng)送絲速率為5 m/min、焊接速率為9 mm/s時，IMCs層厚度約為6 μm，接頭剪切強度可達160 MPa；接頭斷口形式分為“熔焊界面型”及“釬焊界面型”，近起弧處均為“熔焊界面型”斷口，隨著焊接線能量增加，釬焊界面IMCs層厚度增加，近收弧處斷口類型逐漸由“熔焊界面型”向“釬焊界面型”演變；當(dāng)焊縫單位長度上焊機輸出功約為150~210 J/mm，IMCs層厚度小于9 μm，接頭剪切強度較好，且較易獲得“熔焊界面型”斷口。

Welding aluminum alloy to steel is still a larger challenge due to many differences in thermal-physical properties between these two alloy materials, especially the melting point, thermal conductivity and the thermal expansion coefficient. Intermetallic compounds (IMCs) which deprive the mechanical properties can easily produce during tradition fusion. A low heat input welding method is necessary in order to obtain the excellent property by reducing the amount of IMCs and welding residual stress. So far, a lot of research have focused on the joint principle and the regulate and control of IMCs, while the less research on the influence of welding line energy on the microstructure and property of cold metal transfer(CMT) joint. Meanwhile, the differences of joint properties in different positions of the same welding bead have not yet seen. Dissimilar metal of 5182-O and HC260YD+Z was welded by CMT arc-brazing using AlSi5 filler metal. The macro and micro appearance of the overlap joint were analyzed by OM、XRD、SEM and EDS. Besides, hardness test and shear strength test were carried out. Results show that welding line energy can affect the thickness of IMCs existing on the brazing interface and thus depress the combination properties because of the different fracture modes. When the wire feed speed is 9 mm/s and wire feed speed is 5 m/min, the IMCs thickness is 6 μm, and the shear strength can reach 160 MPa. Two typical fracture modes of fusion interface fracture and brazing interface fracture were observed. The fracture mode of the position near arc striking is “fusion interface”. With the increasing of welding energy, the thickness of IMCs is increased and the fracture mode near arc extinguishing is changed from “fusion interface” to “brazing interface”. When the output work per unit welding length which produced by CMT equipment is 150~210 J/mm , the IMCs thickness is less than 9 μm, which benefits the shear strength performance of the joints, and the fracture mode of “fusion interface” can be easily obtained.

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