電磁場下原位合成納米ZrB2 np/AA6111復(fù)合材料組織與性能研究

電磁場下原位合成納米ZrB2 np/AA6111復(fù)合材料組織與性能研究Microstructure and Properties of In-Situ ZrB2 np/AA6111 Composites Synthesized under an Electromagnetic Field

采用電磁場調(diào)控技術(shù)和直接熔體反應(yīng)技術(shù)成功制備出原位納米ZrB2 np/AA6111復(fù)合材料，研究了電磁場對復(fù)合材料微觀組織的影響，分析了磁場的調(diào)控機制和微觀組織對拉伸性能的影響規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明：施加電磁場可分散顆粒團聚體、改善團聚體分布、細化納米增強顆粒（50-100 nm）以及使顆粒邊角變圓潤，且其基體與顆粒的界面結(jié)合良好，干凈無雜質(zhì)，位錯與顆粒相互交纏且密度增加。當電磁頻率為10Hz時，其最佳抗拉強度為362MPa，屈服強度為253MPa和延伸率為25%，分別比未施加磁場的AA6111合金提高了38.69%、68.67%和28.73%。

6xxx alloys have become of particular interest in automotive structural applications as replacements for low carbon steels, mainly because of the increasing demand for the utilization of lighter materials in the automotive industry. However, the strength and formability of the 6xxxx alloy are inferior to those of fully annealed low carbon steels, which is partially due to the different crystallographic textures of these two materials. In-situ nanoparticle-reinforced composites have always been extensively used due to their high modulus, high strength, specific stiffness, and excellent comprehensive properties. However, traditional in-situ methods require long reaction times and high reaction temperatures, leading to further growth or agglomeration of the reinforcement particles and decreasing the mechanical properties. In this work, in-situ ZrB2/AA6111 composites were successfully prepared via an in-situ melt reaction with the assistance of an electromagnetic field. The effect of electromagnetic field on distribution, size and morphology of in-situ particles, interface structure between particles and matrix and dislocation morphology in composites were characterized by XRD, OM, SEM and TEM. An analysis was conducted on the action mechanism of the electromagnetic field and the effect of microstructure on tensile strength. The results indicated that with the assistance of the electromagnetic field during in-situ reaction, the large particle clusters were broken into smaller clusters that were uniformly distributed in the matrix, the distribution of ZrB2 nanoparticles was diffused and homogeneous with the size decreasing to 10～80 nm, and the corners of the nanoparticles clearly became obtuse. In addition, the interface between the particles and the matrix was well bonded without any imporities. The uniformity of the ZrB2 nanoparticle distribution improved, resulting in dislocation propagation and entanglement. When electromagnetic frequency was 10Hz, the optimal ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) and elongation (El) of the composites prepared under the electromagnetic field were 362 MPa, 253 MPa and 25%, respectively, correspondingly increasing 38.7%、68.6% and 28.7% over the respective properties of the AA6111 alloy. These improvements were due to the Orowan strengthening, load transmitting strengthening grain refinement strengthening, and dislocation strengthening caused by the nano-sized ZrB2 particles synthesized under the coupled electromagnetic and ultrasonic field. In addition, the Orowan strengthening contributed most to the improvement of properties. The distribution and size of the in-situ ZrB2 particles also have a great influence on the fracture morphology.

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