激光熔覆錫基巴氏合金微觀組織和力學性能

激光熔覆錫基巴氏合金微觀組織和力學性能Microstructure and mechanical properties of tin-based Babbitt alloy made by laser cladding deposition

錫基巴氏合金具有較低的摩擦因數、良好的耐磨性及抗膠合性，被廣泛應用于航空、航天、船舶、起重機械等設備軸承零部件表面的耐磨材料。本研究中采用激光熔覆成形(LCD)，在20鋼基體上進行錫基巴氏合金熔覆，并采用光學顯微鏡(OM)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、X射線衍射儀(XRD)、能譜分析儀(EDS)對熔覆層和過渡層的微觀組織、相組成和成分分布進行檢測分析；采用萬能拉伸試驗機對不同厚度錫基巴氏合金/20鋼間結合強度進行測試，并對斷口形貌進行檢測分析。結果表明：熔覆層微觀組織中分布著較多塊狀析出物，合金層主要由SnSb、Cu6Sn5及錫基固溶體相組成；錫基巴氏合金/20鋼中間界面層厚度約6 μm，兩種合金間的結合強度隨合金層厚度的增大而增大，錫基巴氏合金/20鋼斷口屬于準解理斷裂。

Tin-based Babbitt alloy has a low coefficient of friction, good wear resistance and anti-adhesion, which is widely used in aerospace, shipbuilding, cranes and other equipment bearing parts surface wear-resistant materials. In this study, laser cladding deposition (LCD) was used to fabricate tin-based Babbitt alloy on a 20 steel substrate. Optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) were used to test the microstructure, phase composition and composition distribution of the cladding layer and the transition layer. The universal tensile testing machine was used to test the bonding strength of the tin-based Babbitt/20 steel with different thicknesses. The fracture surface morphology was tested and analysed by SEM. The results show that there are many massive precipitates distributed in the microstructure of the cladding layer. The alloy layer is mainly composed of SnSb, Cu6Sn5 and tin-based solid solution phases. The thickness of interface of tin-base Babbitt/20 steel is about 6 μm, the bonding strength between the two alloys increases with the thickness of the alloy layer increasing, and the fracture of the tin-based Babbitt/20 steel belongs to the quasi-cleavage fracture.

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