鎂合金焊縫液化裂紋敏感性及預(yù)測(cè)方法探究

鎂合金焊縫液化裂紋敏感性及預(yù)測(cè)方法探究RESEARCH ON PREDICTION METHOD OF LIQUATION CRACKING SUSCEPTIBILITY TO MAGNESIUM ALLOY WELDS

以AZ31與AZ91鎂合金為母材，AZ61與AZ92鎂合金為填充焊絲，利用冷金屬過(guò)渡焊接（CMT）方法進(jìn)行橫向拘束環(huán)行焊縫裂紋實(shí)驗(yàn)，探究AZ系列鎂合金部分熔化區(qū)的液化現(xiàn)象，并結(jié)合液化裂紋產(chǎn)生機(jī)理提出一種定性判斷鎂合金液化裂紋敏感性的方法。結(jié)果表明，焊接過(guò)程中，AZ91鎂合金焊縫邊緣發(fā)生了γ(Mg17Al12)相與富鎂α相的共晶反應(yīng)，產(chǎn)生了液相，形成了部分熔化區(qū)；在AZ31鎂合金中不存在γ(Mg17Al12)相，液化現(xiàn)象不明顯，部分熔化區(qū)較小。同時(shí)，提出了基于二元合金相圖的鎂合金液化裂紋敏感性判斷方法，以判斷鎂合金母材和焊絲成分對(duì)焊縫部分熔化區(qū)液化裂紋敏感性的影響規(guī)律，即，母材為AZ91時(shí)的液化裂紋敏感性比母材為AZ31時(shí)更高，焊絲為AZ92時(shí)的液化裂紋敏感性較焊絲為AZ61時(shí)更低。

Magnesium alloys has a wide application prospect due to good properties, such as high specific strength and specific stiffness, but the susceptibility of liquation cracking is also pretty high. The liquation in partially melted zone of AZ-serious magnesium alloy was investigated with circular-patch welding test. The AZ91, AZ31 base alloys were welded with AZ61 and AZ92 filler wires and the Cold Metal Transter Metal Inert-gas Welding (CMT-MIG) welding was used. The results show that, the liquation occurred along the weld edge of AZ91 with the eutectic reaction occurring between γ (Mg17Al12) phase and Mg-rich ? phase. The liquation susceptibility of AZ31 was pretty low as the γ (Mg17Al12) was not present in the base metal of AZ31. Meanwhile, the predicting method on liquation cracking based on binary phase diagram was proposed. When the initial solidification temperature of the weld is higher and the solidification temperature range of the weld is shorter than that of the base metal, the liquation crack susceptibility of the weld is mostly higher. When the initial solidification temperature of the weld is close to or below the base metal, and the solidification temperature range of the weld is close to or longer than the base metal, the liquation cracking susceptibility of the weld is lower. This predicting method worked well on predicting the effect of composition of base metal and filler wires on liquation cracking, and the predicting results are consistent with the experimental results. That is, the liquation cracking susceptibility is higher with the AZ91 base metal used than that of the AZ31base metal. And, the liquation cracking susceptibility is lower with the AZ92 filler wire than that of AZ61 filler wire.

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