熱處理對流變壓鑄鋁合金力學(xué)性能和顯微組織的影響

熱處理對流變壓鑄鋁合金力學(xué)性能和顯微組織的影響Effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties and microstructure of rheo-diecasting aluminum alloy

采用旋轉(zhuǎn)永磁體攪拌工藝制備半固態(tài)A356鋁合金漿料并進行流變壓鑄，研究熱處理工藝對流變壓鑄樣件本體力學(xué)性能的影響，并采用掃描電鏡(SEM)和能譜分析儀(EDS)進行顯微組織分析。結(jié)果表明：采用T51熱處理時，當(dāng)人工時效時間為3 h時，σb=290 MPa、δ=8.5%，此時δ達到最大值；延長人工時效時間，σb緩慢提高，但是δ下降；采用T6熱處理時，當(dāng)人工時效時間為1 h，σb=310 MPa、δ=16.5%；當(dāng)人工時效時間4.5 h時，σb=335 MPa、δ=10.5%，此時σb達到最大值，δ達到最小值。T6熱處理后，當(dāng)人工時效時間為1 h，試樣斷口具有大量的撕裂棱和韌窩，在晶界處產(chǎn)生大量富Si的鵝卵石形狀的強化相，當(dāng)量直徑小于4 μm。同時，在α(Al)基體內(nèi)形成大量富Si和富Mg的GP區(qū)和亞穩(wěn)相，還產(chǎn)生大量直徑小于1 μm的Al、Si和Mg的氧化物，并釘扎在α(Al)基體內(nèi)，與GP區(qū)和亞穩(wěn)相共同對α(Al)基體起強化作用。

Semisolid A356 aluminum alloy slurry was prepared and rheo-diecasted by rotating permanent magnet stirring process. The effect of heat treatment process on the mechanical properties of rheo-diecasting samples was studied, and microstructure of the samples was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that when T51 heat treatment is used, after being artificially aged for 3 h, σb is 290 MPa, δ is 8.5%, at this time, δ value reaches the maximum. When artificial aging time is prolonged, σb value increases slowly, whereas δ value decreases. When T6 heat treatment is used, after being artificially aged for 1 h, σb=310 MPa, δ=16.5%. After being artificial aged for 4.5 h, σb=335 MPa, δ=10.5%, at this time, σb value reaches the maximum, whereas δ value reaches the minimum. After T6 heat treatment, and being artificially aged for 1 h, a large number of torn edges and dimples are produced on the sample fracture surface, and a large number of pebble-shape strengthening phases with rich Si are produced at the grain boundaries, whose equivalent diameter is within 4 μm. At the same time, substantial GP zones with rich Si and rich Mg and metastable phases form in α(Al) matrix, and a large number of Al, Si and Mg oxides with diameter less than 1 μm are produced and pinned in α(Al) matrix. These oxides play an important role in strengthening the α(Al) matrix with the GP zones and metastable phases.

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