Rene104鎳基高溫合金選區激光熔化成形及開裂行為

Rene104鎳基高溫合金選區激光熔化成形及開裂行為Selective laser melting fabrication and cracking behavior of Rene104 nickel-based superalloy

采用選區激光熔化技術，結合旋轉+填充掃描策略制備Rene104鎳基高溫合金，研究了成形參數對顯微組織和開裂行為的影響。結果表明：線能量密度和掃描間距是影響Rene104鎳基高溫合金致密度及開裂的主要參數。當線能量密度為250 J/m，掃描間距為0.08mm時，Rene104鎳基高溫合金成形件的致密度達98.37%。選區激光熔化成形Rene104合金主要由橫截面尺寸為0.5 μm、軸向尺寸為3~5 μm或30 μm的柱狀晶組織組成，晶粒沿建造方向的(200)晶面擇優取向生長，同時，在晶界存在碳化物和Laves相，出現了裂紋、孔洞及殘留粉末顆粒等缺陷。高線能量密度產生的大溫度梯度導致殘余應力，從而在晶界析出相周圍形成應力集中，在熔池和層間搭接處的熔池尖端萌生裂紋，且沿建造方向擴展。殘留孔洞主要來自粉末空心缺陷，殘留粉末顆粒則由粉末飛濺產生。

The Rene104 nickel-based superalloy was fabricated by selective laser melting technology with the scan strategy of rotation plus filling, and the impacts of process parameters on the microstructure and cracking behavior were investigated. The results show the linear energy density and hatch spacing are the main parameters that affect the density and cracking behavior of Rene104 nickel-based superalloy. When the energy density is 250 J/m, and the hatch spacing is 0.08 mm, the relative density of Rene104 nickel-based superalloy samples reaches 98.37%. The Rene104 alloy is mainly composed of columnar grains with the cross-sectional dimension of 0.5 μm and the axial dimension of 3-5 μm or 30 μm. The grain grows along the build direction with the strong (200) texture, while the carbides and Laves phases exist along the grain boundaries. The defects, including cracks, pores and remained powders, are also be found. The high linear energy density can cause the large temperature gradient and residual stress, which results in the stress concentration around precipitates. Therefore, the cracks initiate at the pool tip and interlayer junctions, then extend along the build direction. The remained pores are mainly caused by the powder hollow, and the remained powders are generated by the powder splash phenomenon.

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