6061鋁合金表面ZnAl-LDHs層的制備及其耐腐蝕性能

6061鋁合金表面ZnAl-LDHs層的制備及其耐腐蝕性能Preparation and corrosion resistance of the ZnAl-LDHs film on 6061 Al alloy surface

采用原位生長(zhǎng)的方法，首先在6061鋁合金表面制備了層間含NO3-的ZnAl-LDHs(Layered double hydroxides，層狀雙金屬氫氧化物)層，然后將正釩酸根(VO43-)和偏釩酸根(VO3-)2種緩蝕劑離子插入ZnAl-LDHs-NO3層板間，在6061鋁合金表面制備了ZnAl-LDHs-VO4和ZnAl-LDHs-VO3層。通過XRD、FT-IR和SEM等技術(shù)研究了上述3種ZnAl-LDHs層的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)、成分組成和表面形貌，并分析了ZnAl-LDHs層的生長(zhǎng)行為；通過電化學(xué)工作站和超景深3D視頻顯微鏡研究了6061鋁合金表面3種ZnAl-LDHs層在3.5% NaCl(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))水溶液中的耐腐蝕行為。結(jié)果表明，6061鋁合金表面原位制備的ZnAl-LDHs層呈片狀垂直于基體生長(zhǎng)，能夠完全覆蓋在鋁合金表面。與6061鋁合金基體相比，含ZnAl-LDHs層的鋁合金具有較高的腐蝕電位(Ecorr)、較小的腐蝕電流(Icorr)和較大的電荷轉(zhuǎn)移電阻(Rct)。這說明ZnAl-LDHs層能夠明顯提高6061鋁合金的耐腐蝕性，其可用于6061鋁合金表面的防腐蝕保護(hù)。在6061鋁合金表面的3種ZnAl-LDHs層中，ZnAl-LDHs-VO3的耐腐蝕性最高。

6061 Al alloy is widely used for structural components in the structural, building, aerospace and automobile industry because of their good extrude-ability, high strength and low density. 6061 Al alloy is easily corroded during the corrosive environments containing Cl-, which lead to the decreasing of the alloy service life. Therefore, the Al alloy need to adopt surface treatment to improve the corrosion resistance. The chromate passivation was the most effective surface treatment technology of Al alloys in the past. However, Cr (Ⅵ) could pollute the environmental and harmful to human body. Thus, it is necessary to develop chromium-free films to protect Al alloy. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are an environment-friendly and smart material, which could be used for anticorrosion film. The inhibitor can be inserted into the film layer due to its unique anion exchanging capacity. Therefore, the LDHs is acquired self-healing performance and applied to the anticorrosion field of Al alloy. Meanwhile, vanadate is a good inhibitor and it has many forms under different pH conditions. Moreover, different forms of vanadate have different influence on LDHs film. The corrosion resistance of LDHs and its modified form films on Al alloys need deep study. In this work, ZnAl-LDHs films with NO3- were prepared on the suface of 6061 Al alloy via a facile in-situ growth method, and then ZnAl-LDHs-NO3 films were intercalated with the corrosion inhibitor VO43- and VO3- to obtain the ZnAl-LDHs-VO4 and ZnAl-LDHs-VO3 films, respectively. The structure, morphology and composition of as-prepared ZnAl-LDHs films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and the scanning electron microscope (SEM); the corrosion behavior of ZnAl-LDHs films in the 3.5% NaCl (mass fraction) solution were studied by the electrochemical workstation and the 3D microscope. The results show that the plate-like ZnAl-LDHs microcrystals are perpendicular to the substrate and cover almost the entire Al alloy substrate surface. Compared with the 6061 Al substrate, ZnAl-LDHs films can not only decrease the corrosion current (Icorr), but also increase the corrosion potential (Ecorr) and charge transfer resistance (Rct) of the 6061 Al alloy. It is suggested that ZnAl-LDHs films could significantly enhance the corrosion resistance of 6061 Al substrate, indicating an effective protection for 6061 Al alloy by the ZnAl-LDHs film. The ZnAl-LDH-VO3 film is of the highest corrosion resistance in the studied ZnAl-LDHs films.

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