錳基阻尼合金研發及產業化國內外現狀

錳基阻尼合金研發及產業化國內外現狀Research and Industrialization Status of Mn-Based Damping Alloys

阻尼合金是一類阻尼（內耗）大，能使振動迅速衰減的金屬功能材料，按其阻尼機理可分為復相型、鐵磁型、位錯型、孿晶型四類。利用其制造相關振動源構件，可以有效地解決機械制造及相關工程領域中的振動和噪聲問題。目前國內外對于錳基阻尼合金的研究主要集中于對Mn-Cu、Mn-Fe 合金的摻雜改性和對新興的Mn-Ni 合金阻尼機理研究方面，而形成產業的主要為Mn-Cu 合金，其代表產品為Sonoston、Incramute 和M2052 等。相比于傳統Mn-Cu 合金，Mn-Fe 合金具有更好的經濟性和力學性能，有望在未來替代Mn-Cu 合金取得實際應用。本文簡要介紹阻尼合金的種類和特點，對上述合金的主要研究進展和產業化現狀進行總結，為需要減振降噪場合的選材提供參考。

Damping alloy is a kind of metallic functional materials with high damping capacity which can dissipate mechanical vibration rapidly. There are mainly four kinds of damping alloys, namely the multiple phase alloys, the ferromagnetic alloys, the dislocation alloys and the twin crystal alloys. Through using them to fabricate the component parts of vibration source, many vibration and noise problems in machine manufacturing and some other fields can be solved effectively. Currently, the corresponding research mainly focuses on the doping modification of the Mn-Cu and Mn-Fe alloys, as well as the damping mechanism of the emerging Mn-Ni alloys. So far, the Mn-Cu base alloys are the only damping alloys whose industrialization has been realized. Typically commercial damping alloys are Sonoston, Incramute and M2052. Meanwhile, with lower cost and better mechanical properties, the Mn-Fe damping alloy are promising substitutes for the traditional Mn-Cu damping alloys in the future. In this paper, the classification and features of the different damping alloys are briefly introduced, and the research progress and industrialization status of the above-mentioned alloys are also summarized. The results may provide a new idea and a reference for material choice for damping and noise reduction.

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